Design and Comparison of LTCC Based Fractal Antennas

The paper presents design of three different fractal antennas in Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) substrate. An aperture coupled feeding technique has been used in all the three designs which is highly suitable for multi-layer system on package (SoP) concept. The three fractal designs demonstrated are Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna, Sierpinski gasket fractal antenna and Koch snowflake fractal antenna. Bandwidths of 1.8 GHz (7.5%), 1.75 GHz (7.5%) and 1.6 GHz (6.7%) have been achieved from these designs at a centre frequency of 24 GHz in comparison to the typical aperture coupled patch antenna bandwidth of 2%. In addition to their large bandwidths the designs have demonstrated a size reduction of greater than 20%. A detailed comparison among the three designs has been presented in the paper to highlight various performance parameters and related tradeoffs.